The global energy transition is often framed as a technical and environmental necessity — a gradual shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy in response to climate change. In the Middle East, however, this transition is neither linear nor apolitical. It is a deeply geopolitical process, reshaping power relations, alliances, and diplomatic behaviour in a region where energy has always been inseparable from politics. The critical question today is not whether the Middle East is entering an era of energy transition, but whether this process is, in practice, leading to a redistribution of power.
For decades, energy…
